What animal has the highest pain tolerance?
In 2008, the studies led to the finding that naked mole rats didn't feel pain when they came into contact with acid and didn't get more sensitive to heat or touch when injured, like we and other mammals do.
While mammals and birds possess the prerequisite neural architecture for phenomenal consciousness, it is concluded that fish lack these essential characteristics and hence do not feel pain.
Do fish feel pain when hooked? The wild wriggling and squirming fish do when they're hooked and pulled from the water during catch-and-release fishing isn't just an automatic response—it's a conscious reaction to the pain they feel when a hook pierces their lips, jaws, or body.
Many marine creatures, such as starfish, sea cucumbers and mushroom corals are extremely intricate and delicate, and human hands can crush or damage tiny structures, which can be detrimental to the animal.
The Nile crocodile gets the number one spot because it is the only animal on the list to consider humans a regular part of its diet.
Over 15 years ago, researchers found that insects, and fruit flies in particular, feel something akin to acute pain called “nociception.” When they encounter extreme heat, cold or physically harmful stimuli, they react, much in the same way humans react to pain.
As explained by plant biologist Dr. Elizabeth Van Volkenburgh, all living organisms perceive and respond to painful touch, but plants do not perceive or “feel” pain the same way that animals do because they lack a nervous system and brain.
Most likely, yes, say animal welfare advocates. Lobsters belong to a family of animals known as decapod crustaceans that also includes crabs, prawns, and crayfish.
Lobsters, crabs, and octopuses can feel pain and should not be cooked alive, says new report. Lobsters, crabs, and octopuses have feelings and should therefore not be cooked alive, a new scientific report has said.
Hook wounds were detected in 100 percent of angled bass on the day of angling and were still observed on greater than 90 percent of bass seven days after capture. In May, 27 percent of hook wounds were healed within six days, but only 12 percent were healed within six days during July.
Do fish remember being caught?
Researchers find that wild cleaner fishes can remember being caught up to 11 months after the fact, and actively try to avoid getting caught again.
Hooked fish struggle out of fear and physical pain, desperate to breathe. Once fish are hauled out of their aqueous environment and into ours, they begin to suffocate, and their gills often collapse. In commercial fishing, fish's swim bladders can rupture because of the sudden change in pressure.

Some sea cucumbers eat stinging cells (nematocysts) and may secrete the coelenterate venom. Sea cucumbers are slow moving and non-aggressive, so injury occurs after deliberate contact.
In humans, the holothurin toxins of sea cucumbers cause an acute irritant dermatitis upon contact with the skin. Fishermen or divers handling sea cucumbers without gloves may present with an irritant contact dermatitis characterized by marked erythema and swelling (Figure 2).
When threatened, some sea cucumbers discharge sticky threads to ensnare their enemies. Others can mutilate their own bodies as a defense mechanism. They violently contract their muscles and jettison some of their internal organs out of their anus. The missing body parts are quickly regenerated.
#1 Dogs. First on our list of the top 10 friendliest animals in the world is man's best friend – dogs.
Yes, animals do practice revenge. Chimps do it, for example. Macaques do it, too, although not directly: if they cannot attack the offender because he is much stronger, they would hurt someone weaker instead, sometimes the attacker's relative.
Some of the other animals which have been observed engaging in surplus killing include orcas, zooplankton, humans, damselfly naiads, predaceous mites, martens, weasels, honey badgers, jaguar, leopards, lions, wolves, spiders, brown bears, American black bears, polar bears, coyotes, lynxes, minks, raccoons and dogs.
They don't feel 'pain,' but may feel irritation and probably can sense if they are damaged. Even so, they certainly cannot suffer because they don't have emotions.
Butterflies feel no pain but if you think it can't survive, a gentle way to send it on the ”Butterfly Heaven” is to place it in a small sandwich bag in your freezer. The butterfly will simply fall asleep and then pass on.
Do bugs feel love?
“Even insects express anger, terror, jealousy and love, by their stridulation.”
Unlike us and other animals, plants do not have nociceptors, the specific types of receptors that are programmed to respond to pain. They also, of course, don't have brains, so they lack the machinery necessary to turn those stimuli into an actual experience. This is why plants are incapable of feeling pain.
No, plants cannot feel pain. There is no possible way for that to happen without a central nervous system.
Plants may not have feelings but they are indeed alive and have been described as sentient life forms that have “tropic” and “nastic” responses to stimuli. Plants can sense water, light, and gravity — they can even defend themselves and send signals to other plants to warn that danger is here, or near.
Lobsters don't have vocal cords, and even if in agony, they cannot vocalise. The high pitched sound made by an overheating lobster is caused by expanding air rushing out of small holes in lobsters' bodies, like a whistle being blown. A dead lobster will “scream” just as loudly as if it was living.
Studies have also shown manually de-clawed crabs show behaviours indicating an awareness of the resulting wounds (such as shuddering and touching or shielding with remaining legs) not seen when claws are lost through autotomy (11), which is consistent with the view that the animals experience pain and distress as a ...
Studies have repeatedly shown that aquatic animals such as fish, lobster, prawns and shrimp do feel pain.
Do Lobsters Feel Pain When Cut In Half? Again, all the evidence shows that they do. And considering their nervous systems cannot go into shock, they are likely to feel this pain for up to an hour after being cut in half.
But thankfully chefs can take steps to minimize the risk. One of those ways? Boiling lobsters alive. Turns out, those unusual tanks of live lobsters in restaurants isn't just there so you can have a plate of fresh lobster.
Yes, an official government report put together by a team of expert scientists was published in November 2021 with a clear conclusion that animals such as crabs, lobsters, prawns & crayfish (decapod crustaceans) are capable of feeling pain.
Do fish bleed when hooked?
Sometimes, a fish has been hooked through the gills and is bleeding a lot. It is unlikely to survive.
Surprisingly, science has found that fish are capable of recognizing their owner's face, even if the owner is standing by the tank with other people. Fish can develop an association between something they like, being fed, with the person who feeds them.
Throwing a fish back into the water is likely to greatly decrease the fish's chances of survival. The major problem with tossing a fish back into the water is that the fish can go into shock, and float belly-up. In the sea this is an open invitation to predators to attack.
When they are yanked from the water, fish begin to suffocate. Their gills often collapse, and their swim bladders can rupture because of the sudden change in pressure. It's a truly horrific experience for the animals – who feel pain, just as we do.
The Human Edge: Finding Our Inner Fish One very important human ancestor was an ancient fish. Though it lived 375 million years ago, this fish called Tiktaalik had shoulders, elbows, legs, wrists, a neck and many other basic parts that eventually became part of us.
Fish can be traumatized, weakened, or injured during the handling process. By following a few simple steps, you can help fish survive. Reduce reel-time with fish.
The PETA article made the following points: The PETA article says fishing is harmful, and that it is not family fun. It said fish have nerves (just like humans and other sophisticated animals) so they can feel pain (like a hook going into their lip or mouth)
Many anglers assume that the fish they catch and release survive. But, catch and release does lead to death in fish. The survival rate of released fish depends on the species and how you handle the fish. A survey of over 100 catch and release studies estimates that 16.2 percent of fish die from catch and release.
Use Barbless Hooks
All you have to do is press the barb down using a pair of pliers or forceps. Barbless hooks cause less damage to the fish and make the de-hooking process easier, quicker, and more humane. Hooks without barbs are also safer for you, as angler, should you accidentally get hooked.
Echinoderms (such as starfish, sea urchins and sea cucumbers) can have relatively complex behavior (as can, for example, a carnivorous plant). But, as in the case of plants, there is little in their physiology to allow possession of sentience.
Do sea cucumbers spit out their organs?
Evisceration is a method of autotomy involving the ejection of internal organs used by animals as a defensive strategy. Sea cucumbers (Holothuroidea) eject parts of the gut in order to scare and defend against potential predators such as crabs and fish.
The major components of the nervous system in adult sea cucumbers are a circumoral nerve ring and five radial nerve cords (Fig. 1A). The nerve cords run from the anterior to the posterior end of the body within the inner connective tissue layer of the body wall.
The scientists made observations over a four-week healing period and found that sea cucumbers healed up rapidly after receiving a 3 to 5 millimetre cut along the body wall. The repair process involved special cells called morula cells moving to the injury site and full repair was achieved after just a couple of weeks.
Species Fact File: Sea Cucumber
Lifespan: They live up to five years. Diet: They can be found where there is organic food matter. Reproduction: They reach reproductive maturity at two years.
When threatened—and when farting its lungs out doesn't work—the sea cucumber can go rigid, turning from the consistency of play dough to hard plastic. If you're wondering how a soft-bodied creature manages this feat with its shrunken, vestigial calcite plates, you wouldn't be alone.
Sea cucumbers have no brain and thus we usually regard them as animals without intelligence. They are, however, intelligent in their body walls.
One kilogram of these exquisite marine species can sell for more than $3,000, despite the fact that they are not very desirable at first glance. The Japanese sea cucumber, valued at up to $3,500 per kilogram, is justifiably regarded as the most costly on the market.
This species is also called the rump-toothed sea cucumber in reference to the 5 triangular teeth visible in the anal opening. Presumably, these teeth serve as a deterrent to infection by the parasitic pearl fish (Carapus) which enters the anal open of sea cucumbers to live within the lower digestive tract.
These so-called water bears, scientifically named tardigrades, are the most extreme animals on our planet. They not only survive in ice, but also in boiling water. Moreover, they can stop breathing for long periods and they have even traveled to outer space, surviving without an astronaut's suit.
The threshold for perceiving pain is determined by the sensitivity of the pain receptors. Some cats appear to have a higher threshold for pain than others. In general, cats seem to be more stoic with regards to pain than are some dogs.
Do dogs have a higher pain tolerance than human?
Believe it or not, dogs feel pain to a similar extent that humans do. In fact, dogs can handle similar intensities of all types of pain to humans. For example, stomach-related pain and tooth-related pain in a dog are perceived much the same way that we would perceive this type of pain.
Cats feel pain and have similar pain thresholds to people. Individual cats show that they are in pain, frightened or suffering in different ways. For example, some cats become withdrawn and hide or change their eating and drinking habits, but others become aggressive or restless.
Why tardigrades are so damn tough. It's important to note: Tardigrades are basically indestructible only when they enter a special state called cryptobiosis. In harsh environments, the animals tuck in their legs and expel all moisture from their bodies. In this state, they're called tuns.
Tardigrades are practically unkillable. The microscopic creatures, commonly known as "water bears," can tolerate stress that would end most other organisms. The vacuum of space? No problem for the moss piglets.
Meet the Echidna, an Incredible, Fire-Proof Spiny Anteater.
Cats in pain may also hiss or growl, particularly if you happen to touch a painful area. Purring doesn't always mean that your cat is happy. In fact, purring can also occur if your pet is in pain or stressed.
- Rottweiler.
- Boxer.
- Bulldog.
- Golden Retriever.
- Mastiff.
- Labrador Retriever.
- Pitbull (American Staffordshire Terrier)
Cats are famously temperamental and are generally considered to be less loyal and social than dogs. But recent research suggests that cats actually have similar levels of attachment to their human caregivers as dogs and infants.
According to Animal Behaviorists, 'dogs don't understand human kisses the same way that humans do. ' When kissing a young puppy, you may not notice any signs of recognition at all because they have yet to associate kisses with affection.
But do dogs also exhibit some of the negative side effects of deep love, such as jealousy? A study published in Psychological Science says yes. The researchers found that dogs will go so far as to show jealousy even when they can only imagine their owners are interacting with a potential rival.
Can dogs feel guilt?
Researchers observed dogs and their owners under several sets of circumstances and discovered that dogs tended to display “guilty” body language more frequently when their owners scolded them than when the owners remained neutral – regardless of whether the dogs had actually done anything wrong.
Famously independent, sometimes falsely assumed to be immune to feelings, cats are in truth super-sensitive to emotions, sound, and stress. Perhaps because felines lack the eager-to-please openness of their canine colleagues, humans overlook the big and small ways they can break a cat's spirit.
But that doesn't mean they don't hurt: "Reptiles, amphibians, and fish have the neuroanatomy necessary to perceive pain," according to the book Pain Management in Veterinary Practice. Reptiles avoid painful stimuli, and pain-killing drugs reduce that response—both indicators they experience pain, Putman says.
Also as in humans, other mammals have endorphin hormones that reduce pain but far from eliminate it when an animal is injured, stressed, and subjected to high levels of fear. So it is entirely credible that animals feel pain exactly the way humans do.
References
- https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/invertebrates/facts/sea-cucumbers
- http://www.esalq.usp.br/lepse/imgs/conteudo_thumb/Plant-Consciousness---The-Fascinating-Evidence-Showing-Plants-Have-Human-Level-Intelligence--Feelings--Pain-and-More.pdf
- https://thehumaneleague.org/article/do-fish-feel-pain
- https://www.outdoorhappens.com/does-it-hurt-chickens-to-lay-eggs/
- https://sentientmedia.org/do-lobsters-feel-pain/
- https://www.mdedge.com/dermatology/article/244144/contact-dermatitis/aquatic-antagonists-sea-cucumbers-holothuroidea
- https://www.peta.org/features/list-will-change-feel-snakes/
- https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/speaking-of-science/wp/2015/07/30/plants-send-out-stress-signals-just-like-animals-scientists-find/
- https://www.science.org/content/article/how-naked-mole-rats-conquered-pain-and-what-it-could-mean-us
- https://www.fdacs.gov/Consumer-Resources/Recreation-and-Leisure/Aquarium-Fish/Aquarium-Water-Quality-Sources-of-Water
- https://nestfresh.com/faqs/long-take-chicken-lay-egg/
- https://www.theguardian.com/news/2018/oct/30/are-we-wrong-to-assume-fish-cant-feel-pain
- https://www.hobbyfarms.com/is-it-ok-to-mate-a-chicken-with-its-offspring/
- https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20211126-why-insects-are-more-sensitive-than-they-seem
- https://pets.webmd.com/news/20210416/dogs-get-jealous-too-even-for-hidden-rivals
- https://www.sciencefocus.com/nature/do-ants-have-feelings/
- https://faunalytics.org/the-social-importance-of-cow-licks/
- https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/canine-corner/202004/do-dog-breeds-differ-in-their-sensitivity-pain
- https://www.refinery29.com/en-us/do-plants-have-feelings-expert-answer
- https://passions.com.au/hands-off-five-reasons-not-to-touch-marine-wildlife/
- https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/insects-can-experience-chronic-pain-study-finds-180972656/
- https://www.takemefishing.org/how-to-fish/fishing-and-conservation/how-to-humanely-catch-a-fish/
- https://www.petplace.com/article/cats/pet-health/pain-in-cats/
- https://oceana.org/blog/manta-ray-brainpower-blows-other-fish-out-water-10/
- http://fishcount.org.uk/fish-welfare-in-commercial-fishing/fish-sentience/fish-feel-fear
- https://www.peta.org/about-peta/why-peta/catch-and-release-fishing/
- https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/article/african-mole-rat-pain-tolerance/
- https://brill.com/display/book/9789004363779/BP000008.xml
- https://www.britannica.com/story/do-plants-feel-pain
- https://www.visualdx.com/visualdx/diagnosis/sea+cucumber+skin+irritation?diagnosisId=54182&moduleId=101
- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4356734/
- https://viva.org.uk/blog/do-prawns-and-shrimp-feel-pain/
- https://sentientmedia.org/are-chickens-smart/
- https://abcnews.go.com/GMA/OnCall/women-fertility-falls-lose-90-percent-eggs-30/story?id=9693015
- https://www.newscientist.com/lastword/mg24833091-100-if-plants-communicate-via-their-roots-do-they-get-lonely-in-pots/
- https://bearmountainbutterflies.com/raising-butterflies/
- https://www.waikikiaquarium.org/experience/animal-guide/invertebrates/echinoderms/sea-cucumbers/whitespeckled-or-rump-toothed-sea-cucumber/
- https://doggieuk9.com/academy/2022/03/30/do-dogs-understand-kisses/
- https://www.fauna-flora.org/species/northern-white-rhino/
- https://www.itv.com/news/2021-11-23/why-lobsters-crabs-and-octopuses-should-not-be-cooked-alive
- https://www.jstor.org/stable/1369799
- https://www.theguardian.com/notesandqueries/query/0,,-83446,00.html
- https://garfieldpestcontrol.com/10-interesting-facts-about-cockroaches/
- https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10071-021-01566-5
- https://www.chickenwhisperermagazine.com/nutrition/egg-bound-chickens-how-to-identify-and-prevent-this-emergency-condition
- https://theconversation.com/curious-kids-why-do-hens-still-lay-eggs-when-they-dont-have-a-mate-104077
- https://www.slq.qld.gov.au/blog/queenslands-gympie-gympie-worlds-most-painful-plant
- https://www.theinertia.com/environment/octopuses-crabs-and-lobsters-sentient-uk-animal-welfare-law/
- https://www.worldanimalprotection.org/blogs/surprisingly-sweet-animals-11-facts-about-chickens
- https://www.quora.com/Do-birds-grieve-when-their-eggs-are-destroyed
- https://sentientmedia.org/do-plants-feel-pain/
- https://www.cnn.com/2019/07/10/world/goats-emotions-scn-scli-intl/index.html
- https://www.momthemuse.com/why-is-it-okay-for-vegans-to-eat-plants-but-not-animals/
- https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/high-pain-tolerance
- https://birdsupplies.com/pages/feather-plucking-in-your-bird-causes-symptoms-treatment-and-recovery
- https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2007/10/071017194617.htm
- https://beautyofbirds.com/egg-binding/
- https://cs-tf.com/is-it-painful-for-chickens-to-lay-eggs/
- https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2014/05/140528103316.htm
- https://a-z-animals.com/blog/10-most-vicious-animals-that-look-cute/
- https://organicfeeds.com/why-do-chickens-squat-or-crouch-down/
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emotion_in_animals
- https://greekreporter.com/2022/12/23/sea-cucumbers-worth-1m-seized-greece/
- https://www.peta.org/issues/animal-companion-issues/cruel-practices/fish-tanks/
- https://www.telegraph.co.uk/pets/news-features/stop-boiling-lobsters-alive-time-kind-crustaceans/
- https://www.peta.org/features/do-plants-feel-pain/
- https://www.thehistorypress.co.uk/articles/peace-symbols-through-history/
- https://thehumaneleague.org/article/do-cows-have-best-friends
- https://thecountrysmallholder.com/poultry/dealing-with-aggro-8255794/
- https://www.reuters.com/article/us-science-vision-idUSKBN1Z11J3
- https://onekindplanet.org/top-10/top-10-laziest-animals/
- https://www.grandin.com/inc/animals.in.translation.ch5.html
- https://www.psu.edu/news/research/story/probing-question-does-talking-plants-help-them-grow/
- https://www.nidirect.gov.uk/articles/welfare-cats-protection-pain-and-disease
- https://www.cnet.com/science/tardigrade-the-unkillable-water-bear-uses-fluorescent-shield-to-withstand-deadly-radiation/
- https://www.thehealthyjournal.com/faq/which-animal-has-black-milk
- https://www.thechickentractor.com.au/why-does-my-hen-behave-like-a-rooster/
- https://livestock.extension.wisc.edu/articles/life-cycle-of-a-laying-hen/
- https://genv.org/do-lobsters-feel-pain/
- https://extendfertility.com/egg-cell-facts/
- https://mercyforanimals.org/blog/heres-why-youre-wrong-when-you-say-plants/
- https://animalscosmos.com/do-sharks-think-and-feel-emotions/
- https://run-chicken.com/do-my-chickens-like-me-the-most-common-ways-chickens-show-affection-to-humans/
- https://extendfertility.com/how-many-eggs-do-women-lose-every-month/
- https://theminimalistvegan.com/is-fishing-ethical/
- https://dnr.wisconsin.gov/topic/Fishing/outreach/ResponsibleRelease.html
- https://www.peta.org/issues/animals-used-for-food/factory-farming/fish/fish-feel-pain/
- https://www.peta.org/living/entertainment/the-cruelty-of-catch-and-release-fishing/
- https://kayakguru.com/how-to-humanely-kill-a-fish-for-eating/
- https://seaworld.com/orlando/blog/10-reasons-sharks-have-dolphin-phobia/
- https://fishuntamed.com/humane-ways-to-kill-fish/
- https://vfcfoods.com/do-chickens-feel-pain/
- https://www.peta.org/issues/animals-used-for-food/factory-farming/fish/hidden-lives-fish/
- https://www.outdoorhappens.com/what-time-of-day-do-chickens-lay-eggs/
- https://www.crustaceancompassion.org/do-crustaceans-feel-pain
- https://mom.com/momlife/19062-natures-most-peaceful-animals
- https://www.healthline.com/health/eye-health/mucus-fishing-syndrome
- https://www.allaboutbirds.org/news/the-most-mysterious-feather-filoplumes/
- https://www.vox.com/science-and-health/2017/7/15/15972854/tardigrades-end-of-the-world
- https://www.pbs.org/lifeofbirds/home/index.html
- https://www.lovetoknowpets.com/aquariums/do-betta-fish-recognize-interact-their-owners
- https://www.quora.com/Why-do-fish-stay-still-when-you-grip-them-by-the-lip
- https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2021/jan/11/they-respond-to-vibrations-does-talking-to-plants-actually-help-them-grow
- https://sharkstewards.org/do-sharks-feel-pain-respect-for-fish/
- https://www.wired.com/video/watch/research-suggests-cats-like-their-owners-as-much-as-dogs
- https://www.purinamills.com/chicken-feed/education/detail/when-do-chickens-start-laying-eggs
- https://theconversation.com/curious-kids-do-ants-have-blood-108925
- https://www.hgtv.com/outdoors/gardens/animals-and-wildlife/the-advantages-of-roosters
- https://faunalytics.org/fishes-remember-being-caught-for-a-long-time/
- https://www.backyardchickencoops.com.au/blogs/learning-centre/how-to-handle-your-hen
- https://www.saltstrong.com/articles/peta-catch-and-release-fishing/
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arturo_(polar_bear)
- https://www.wellbeingintlstudiesrepository.org/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1000&context=mammal
- https://dogpainrelief.com/do-dogs-have-the-same-pain-tolerance-as-humans/
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egg_tossing_(behavior)
- https://www.thehealthyjournal.com/faq/do-chickens-experience-pleasure
- https://bestnestbox.com/blogs/news/save-the-eggs-why-your-chickens-are-eating-their-eggs-and-how-you-can-stop-it
- https://www.petmd.com/cat/pet-lover/10-ways-crush-your-cats-spirit
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fish_kill
- https://www.londoneggbank.com/donating-eggs/
- https://www.fresheggsdaily.blog/2014/04/soft-shelled-or-rubber-eggs-causes-and.html
- https://www.hartz.com/stress-in-fish-symptoms-and-solutions/
- https://www.fresheggsdaily.blog/2014/03/understanding-chicken-behavior.html
- https://woodlandwoman.ca/catch-and-release-minimizing-mortality-in-bass/
- https://www.thehenhousecollection.com/blog/9-important-reasons-to-keep-a-rooster/
- https://www.npr.org/2010/07/05/127937070/the-human-edge-finding-our-inner-fish
- https://www.smithsonianmag.com/videos/meet-the-echidna-an-incredible-fire-proof-sp/
- https://www.cnyfertility.com/how-many-eggs-do-women-have/
- https://myfwc.com/research/saltwater/fish/snook/reduce-catch-release-mortality/
- https://www.hawaii.edu/news/2020/01/12/shark-study-fish-hooks/
- https://ucanr.edu/blogs/blogcore/postdetail.cfm?postnum=7190
- https://thehumaneleague.org.uk/article/do-fish-have-relationships
- https://byjus.com/question-answer/do-fishes-cry/
- https://www.bbcearth.com/news/plants-have-feelings-too
- https://backyardpoultry.iamcountryside.com/chickens-101/buk-buk-buk-what-do-those-chicken-noises-mean/
- https://www.audubon.org/news/why-some-songbirds-kick-their-chicks-out-they-can-fly
- https://www.omlet.co.uk/guide/chickens/should-i-keep-chickens/do_chickens_recognise_their_owners/
- https://www.businessinsider.com/why-we-boil-lobsters-alive-2018-4
- https://www.uq.edu.au/news/article/2016/04/clever-fish-avoid-being-caught-angling-hotspots
- https://ed.ted.com/lessons/why-elephants-never-forget-alex-gendler
- https://poultrykeeper.com/incubation-brooding/how-to-help-a-chick-hatch/
- https://www.newlifeivf.com.au/understanding-ovarian-reserve-will-i-really-run-out-of-eggs/
- https://adfg.alaska.gov/index.cfm?adfg=wildlifenews.view_article&articles_id=426
- https://frontiersinzoology.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1742-9994-6-11
- https://www.allaboutbirds.org/news/how-long-do-birds-incubate-their-eggs-and-chicks-stay-in-the-nest/
- https://www.mcgill.ca/oss/article/you-asked/do-fish-drink
- https://www.fresheggsdaily.blog/2013/07/what-to-expect-when-youre-expecting.html
- https://idfg.idaho.gov/question/what-be-done-badly-injured-fish-not-legal-keepi-often-catch-smallmouth-bass-are-too-small
- https://qz.com/441672/insects-may-be-able-to-feel-fear-anger-and-empathy-after-all
- https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jabmech/8/1/8_2/_pdf/-char/en
- https://www.animalsaroundtheglobe.com/friendliest-animals/
- https://www.wildrepublic.com/product/honey-badger/
- https://a-z-animals.com/blog/the-10-friendliest-animals-on-earth-to-humans/
- https://www.evewell.com/support/how-many-eggs-does-a-woman-have/
- https://www.sciencefocus.com/science/do-plants-think/
- https://www.hospitalveterinariglories.com/5-animals-that-like-solitude/?lang=en
- https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/08/130808123719.htm
- https://www.veganfoodandliving.com/features/can-vegans-eat-eggs-from-backyard-hens/
- https://www.yahoo.com/lifestyle/yes-plants-scream-theyre-cut-210745531.html
- https://kissagator.com/blog/do-reptiles-have-emotions/
- https://qz.com/1499046/plants-can-feel-you-touching-them-and-they-dont-like-it
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evisceration_(autotomy)
- https://www.rajashreepestcontrol.com/blog/mosquito-a-silent-killer
- https://www.cnn.com/2016/06/07/health/fish-human-face-recognition-study-trnd/index.html
- https://www.livescience.com/65905-plants-dont-think-or-feel.html
- https://www.orkin.com/pests/ants/can-ants-hear
- https://spideradvice.com/do-tarantulas-have-feelings/
- https://niwa.co.nz/news/summer-series-7-sea-cucumber-the-slug-that-dispels-its-digestive-organs-through-its-bottom
- https://cluckin.net/why-do-hens-squawk-and-cluck-after-laying-eggs.html
- https://www.quora.com/How-painful-is-it-for-birds-to-lay-eggs-Is-it-less-painful-than-mammals-birthing-their-cubs
- https://www.peta.org.uk/issues/animals-not-use-entertainment/angling/
- https://www.thehealthyjournal.com/faq/do-fish-feel-sadness
- https://www.crustaceancompassion.org/mutilations
- https://heartscontentfarmhouse.com/can-you-eat-roosters/
- https://www.nulondon.ac.uk/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/Do-animals-have-emotions.pdf
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surplus_killing
- https://www.animal-ethics.org/beings-conscious/
- https://www.worldanimalprotection.org/blogs/understanding-emotional-lives-elephants
- https://fishlab.com/why-your-fish-are-dying/
- https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/article/animals-science-medical-pain
- https://www.abc.net.au/radionational/programs/archived/bodysphere/features/4837824
- https://www.treehugger.com/plants-really-dont-be-touched-4863911
- https://animalequality.org/news/5-common-practices-in-slaughterhouses-that-you-need-to-know/
- https://peteducate.com/does-it-hurt-a-chicken-to-lay-an-egg/
- https://vetmed.tamu.edu/news/pet-talk/reptile-emotions/
- https://www.hobbyfarms.com/the-secret-weapon-against-egg-eating-chickens/
- https://www.in-fisherman.com/editorial/largemouth-bass-hook-wounds/370309
- https://www.smithfieldanimals.com/articles/general/706477-signs-that-your-cat-is-experiencing-pain
- https://www.coopcratechickens.com/reasons-why-your-chickens-arent-laying/
- https://www.thehappychickencoop.com/how-are-chicken-eggs-fertilized/
- http://www.bishfish.co.nz/articles/general/releaserules.htm
- https://www.nytimes.com/2015/12/15/science/how-fish-communicate-even-using-noise.html
- https://www.calacademy.org/explore-science/do-plants-hear
- https://www.seeker.com/crocodiles-just-wanna-have-fun-photos-1769514957.html
- https://gizmodo.com/do-animals-practice-revenge-1843750410
- https://byjus.com/question-answer/which-is-the-least-favourite-pet-animal-in-this-table/
- https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/573691
- https://lionaid.org/news/2011/09/endorphins-nociceptors-pain-and-fox-hunting.htm
- https://a-z-animals.com/blog/top-eight-most-aggressive-animals-in-the-world/
- https://www.scuba.com/blog/editors-picks/5-intelligent-marine-animals/
- https://avianenrichment.com/learn/emotional-needs/social-interaction/do-parrots-have-emotions
- https://www.usnews.com/news/articles/2013/01/16/cruelty-to-crustaceans-crabs-lobsters-may-feel-pain
- https://hakaimagazine.com/features/fish-feel-pain-now-what/
- https://www.akc.org/expert-advice/lifestyle/do-dogs-feel-guilt/
- https://www.popsci.com/secret-superpower-sea-cucumbers/
- https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/how-many-eggs-does-a-woman-have
- https://www.hospitalveterinariglories.com/4-loneliest-animals-in-the-world/?lang=en
- https://www.inverse.com/science/most-low-maintenance-pets